Bear On Business

So much has happened in telecom over the last decade, both good and bad. With BearonBusiness.com, I strive to dissect what’s happened before as well as what’s going on in the here and now. I try to capture stories from the boom, the bust, and, now, the resurgence. We are fortunate to work in a great industry (communications) at a great time (the dawn of the Internet)–let’s reminisce, reflect, and celebrate.

Archive for February, 2008

Swimming Against the Disconnect Current

Visualize swimming upstream. As the current picks up, you will have a harder and harder time making progress. At some point, you begin to move backwards. So you try to swim harder. As you get tired, the current eventually overtakes you.

Disconnects are the Achilles’ heal in a recurring services business like Telecom. Disconnects are the current you are swimming against. If disconnects are high, it becomes increasingly difficult to grow top line revenue. If, in the face of high disconnects, you attempt to overcome them by selling more and more, you will eventually be overtaken by the Disconnect Inferno.

If you wonder what it felt like to be in the eye of the telecom meltdown, think about swimming upstream against a strong current. If you are still unsure, give a ring to Vonage employee and ask them how they are sleeping at night. Not well is my guess, as they are in the middle of a disconnect inferno of their own making.

Remember, bandwidth demand was still growing rapidly throughout the meltdown. Internet penetration was rising rapidly, consumers were switching from dial-up to broadband, and businesses were upgrading to DS3s and VoIP. Internet leaders such as YouTube, Myspace and Envysion were only then being invented.

The problem wasn’t lack of new bandwidth demand. The problem was how quickly the installed base was shrinking. The problem was the disconnect inferno. We should have seen this coming given the Trammps thinly-veiled message from the early 1970’s.


Posted by Dan Caruso  (February 19, 2008)    |    Comments (1)

Disco(nnect) Inferno

Picture yourself dressed in a white silk suit, blow drying your hair and dancing to a Bee Gees tune. It might have seemed hip at the time, but you knew there would be a price to pay. Though I was not quite a teenager, pictures of me in a sky blue leisure suit are floating around. Not fun.

Disco came crashing down around 1977. Exactly 25 years later, another bust occurred–telecom. I don’t know how KC and the Sunshine Band handled the end of disco, but the Telecom Meldown was painful for me and lots of my friends.

It is a little known fact that the disco craze and the telecom boom are inter-related. Like Nostradamus, the Trammps had visions–albeit blurry ones–of future events. It was one of these visions that inspired them to write their fantastic dance song “Disco Inferno”. As I explained in prior posts, Tina Turner caught on to this as did Madonna. For those keeping score, Tina and Madonna sold their telecom stock in 2000–it is what allowed Tina to divorce Ike and Madonna to buy a new home in Aspen, Colorado. Yes, what I am implying is true: if we were paying better attention during the disco era, the telecom meltdown might have been completely avoidable.

If you aren’t following me, I’ll give you a factoid that both Tina and Madonna knew. When the Trammps wrote their famous song, they took it to famed producer Tom Moulton, who mixed the record. He loved the song, but he felt the title was too long. Against the objections of the Trammps, Moulton demanded that ‘nnect’ be removed from the first word of the title. Henceforth, the song was known as Disco Inferno instead of its original name Disconnect Inferno. If you listen to older versions of the song, you can hear Jerry Mills Collins belt out the original “disconnect inferno” lyrics.

If you were in the telecom industry circa 2003, you know what it is like to be in the disco(nnect) inferno. Like leisure suits and blow dryers, not fun!

If you need a visual from the Saturday Night Fever era, click here.


Posted by Dan Caruso  (February 18, 2008)    |    Comments (0)

Madonna Followed in Tina and The Trammps’ Telecom Footsteps

If you don’t believe Madonna was a telecom person, click here.

Tomorow, we will find out what Disco Inferno has to do with telecom.


Posted by Dan Caruso  (February 17, 2008)    |    Comments (0)

The Queen of Rock n’ Roll learned Telecom from The Trammps

Click here to find out what The Trammps taught Tina Turner about telecom.

More tomorrow…


Posted by Dan Caruso  (February 16, 2008)    |    Comments (0)

What does Tina Turner know about managing Telecom Companies?

Click here to find out what Anna Mae Bullock (a.k.a. Tina Turner) knows about telecom

More tomorrow!!!!


Posted by Dan Caruso  (February 15, 2008)    |    Comments (0)

“Fathers of Invention: How Level 3 Worked its Way to the Main Floor” Part 5 of 5: Reinventing a Success

As an epilogue to the “Birth of the Softswitch” series, I thought BearonBusiness.com readers would enjoy a reprint of the April 1st, 1998 USA Today written by Kevin Maney. Below is the final part of the article. For me and I suspect many readers, it brings back fond memories. 

Just so I nip it in the bud, I’d appreciate it if our readers resisted the temptation to comment on the particular day of the year that the article was published.

Reinventing a success

The concept for Level 3 is simple: It’s MFS with a fresh start. Same business plan, but this time based on Internet Protocol (IP) technology. Crowe would use Kiewit’s money to start building a network that could carry information and voice conversations far more efficiently than any network out there, then slowly fill his fiber-optic pipelines by siphoning off business from the telecom giants.

Crowe wasn’t the only one with the idea. Around the time Crowe quit WorldCom, Qwest Communications was starting to get noticed. Based in Denver, Qwest was using money from railroad magnate Philip Anschutz to build its fiber network, which would be partly IP-based and partly circuit-switched. Anschutz put Crowe on Qwest’s board. Qwest also hired fiery AT&T executive Joe Nacchio as CEO. From the outset, Crowe told Nacchio he might start a competing business.

Just before unveiling Level 3, Crowe quit Qwest’s board. Now he’s moving Level 3 to Denver, right in Qwest’s back yard, to take advantage of telecommunications talent in that region. Relations between the two are said to be chilly. Nacchio did not respond to requests to talk about Crowe.

In the meantime, Crowe figured that if he was going to do an MFS all over again, he might as well get the MFS team back. One way or another, he got 18 of his top 20 MFS executives out of WorldCom. Most have taken the exact jobs they had at WorldCom. All were wealthy enough after MFS’ sale to never work again, but they’re in their 30s and 40s and sound thrilled to be back together for another run. Mike Frank, 44, head of Level 3’s human resources, says that at WorldCom: “My usefulness was not appreciated, and I wasn’t fulfilled.”

“I have a lot of loyalty to the guys who got me here,” says Ron Vidal, 37, another member of Crowe’s reconstituted team.

Crowe’s departure from WorldCom irritated Ebbers. But the mass exodus made him boil. The rancor runs deep throughout WorldCom. WorldCom would like nothing better than to bury Level 3 in the marketplace.

That threat notwithstanding, the combination of Kiewit’s backing, the old MFS team and Crowe’s savvy makes many in telecommunications believe Level 3 will succeed. “There’s a lot of faith,” says analyst Kagan.

Investors are expected to snap up the stock. Before the Nasdaq listing, shares were tough to come by. Peter Kiewit Sons’ stock is privately held by employees only. Kiewit Diversified was held mostly by employees and former employees, though shares could be sold publicly. With the Nasdaq listing, an official split from Kiewit and a name change from Kiewit Diversified to Level 3, the stock goes public.

It’s too soon to tell whether Level 3 can challenge some of the regional Bells or top long-distance companies. The telecom giants know about the efficiencies of IP, too, and some are building IP-based networks. They scoff at the notion that circuit-switched networks will become albatrosses. “Nobody’s stupid here,” Lucent’s Penzias says. He holds that communications will wind up being a mixture of circuit-switching and IP. “One protocol to do every job would be a step backward.”

Meanwhile, WorldCom, Qwest and others are building IP fiber networks. Teledesic and Motorola’s Celestri will create high-bandwidth IP networks using satellites by around 2003. Still, demand is exploding. Communications capacity is already in short supply for data traffic, which is growing 150% or more a year. Voice calls over IP networks, a business that barely existed in 1997, will be at least a $1 billion industry by 2002, according to Forrester Research.

Level 3 seems to be a player to watch. “It has an opportunity to be quite disruptive in the industry,” says Mark Bruneau of consulting firm Renaissance Worldwide. “It’s a dream team with a dream network and a killer business plan. Just as long as they don’t screw it up.”


Posted by Dan Caruso  (February 14, 2008)    |    Comments (0)

“Fathers of Invention: How Level 3 Worked its Way to the Main Floor” Part 4 of 5: Clash of the Titans

As an epilogue to the “Birth of the Softswitch” series, I thought BearonBusiness.com readers would enjoy a reprint of the April 1st, 1998 USA Today written by Kevin Maney. Below is the second part of the article.  For me and I suspect many readers, it brings back fond memories. 

Just so I nip it in the bud, I’d appreciate it if our readers resisted the temptation to comment on the particular day of the year that the article was published.

Clash of the titans

Crowe, 48, has big facial features and a booming voice. He prefers to dress casually in a Dockers style. He’s a technology nut who wired all kinds of gadgets together in his home. He eats lunch in the cafeteria on the ground floor of Kiewit headquarters. Level 3’s offices are in one small corner of the stoic 15-story building.

People describe Crowe as incredibly focused, good at communicating a point simply, good at recognizing and hiring talented people and a voracious reader. (One of his favorite books: Snow Crash, a science-fiction novel about cyberspace, by Neal Stephenson.) “He’s very intelligent,” Scott says. “And he gets loyalty and enthusiasm from his people.”

That loyalty is what got Crowe in trouble with WorldCom’s Ebbers. WorldCom, based in Jackson, Miss., has grown by making ever-bigger acquisitions, mostly in the long-distance phone business. Ebbers needed a company like MFS, which has lots of local networks and business customers. UUNet made MFS even more attractive. Within months of MFS buying UUNet, WorldCom made its $14.3 billion offer for MFS.

Crowe did not want to sell MFS, but the offer was too good. He knew the Internet train was coming and that MFS, mostly built on the older circuit-switching technology, would have a rough time making the transition — even with UUNet’s help.

Crowe was to become chairman of the merged MFS and WorldCom, but it was clear he’d be second to Ebbers, who would be CEO. Most of MFS’ top management packed up their Omaha homes and moved to Jackson. Three weeks after the merger closed, Crowe quit and returned to Kiewit.

“I was talking with Jim (Crowe) about what he’d like to do and told him we’d be willing to support him if he was interested in starting a business,” Scott says. Kiewit has two parts. The main one is the construction business. The other one is Kiewit Diversified Group, which holds all Kiewit’s investments in companies. Those companies have ranged from small telecommunications ventures to a power company. Scott asked Crowe if he’d like to take over Kiewit Diversified Group. “I felt Jim would do more with it than I would.” Total value of the group: about $3 billion. It would become Crowe’s seed money.


Posted by Dan Caruso  (February 13, 2008)    |    Comments (0)

“Fathers of Invention: How Level 3 Worked its Way to the Main Floor” Part 3 of 5: A Revolution in the Making

As an epilogue to the “Birth of the Softswitch” series, I thought BearonBusiness.com readers would enjoy a reprint of the April 1st, 1998 USA Today written by Kevin Maney. The prior blog post contained the picture and caption that appeared on the cover of the USA Today. Below is the first part of the article. For me and I suspect many readers, it brings back fond memories.

Just so I nip it in the bud, I’d appreciate it if our readers resisted the temptation to comment on the particular day of the year that the article was published.

A revolution in the making?

Level 3’s business plan, if correct in its assumptions, could drive down the cost of long-distance phone calls to almost nothing and hasten the decline of the big phone companies.

Level 3 plans to build a global fiber-optic communication network entirely based on Internet Protocol (IP) technology. Crowe is betting that the dominant networks of the world — the ones that carry phone calls using circuit-switching technology based on a 100-year-old design — are dinosaurs.

Not everyone agrees, least of all phone company people. “There’s a bright future for IP, but it’s not a walk-away win,” says Arno Penzias, chief scientist for Lucent Technologies.

And there’s a twist to Level 3’s story that could make things interesting. Level 3 has made a dangerous enemy: Bernie Ebbers, the dynamic and powerful CEO of WorldCom.

Yet for many reasons, the industry is watching Crowe closely. After all, he built MFS into an industry power, then sold it to WorldCom in 1996 for $14.3 billion. And he has an injection of $3 billion in cash and assets from Kiewit for Level 3.

“It’s like watching him trying to make lightning strike twice,” says industry analyst Jeffrey Kagan.

In 1995, the Internet was just taking off and Project Silver team members could find little reliable analysis beyond the fact that the Net was messy, unreliable, interesting and cheap.

Crowe’s epiphany came when he flipped through an industry newsletter and saw a chart from consulting firm North River Ventures titled, Cost to Deliver 42 Page Document. Faxing it from New York to Tokyo using AT&T cost $28.83. E-mailing it over the Internet cost 9.5 cents. “That’s when I realized this was not driven by cool people on the cover of Newsweek,” Crowe says. “It was driven by economics. When we figured it boiled down to bucks, all of us took notice.”

The Project Silver team visited 20 to 30 Internet service providers (ISPs). Crowe went to six. The team concluded that to move fast, MFS would have to buy its way into the Internet. The best ISP to buy was UUNet. The path had come full-circle back to Gates. Microsoft owned 14.7% of UUNet and Microsoft Network was its biggest customer.

Crowe and Scott flew to Microsoft headquarters in Redmond, Wash., to talk to Gates. If Gates had said no, MFS would not have tried to buy UUNet. Gates gave his OK. His only condition was that Crowe had to keep UUNet CEO John Sidgmore. In April 1996, MFS bought UUNet for a stunning $2 billion.


Posted by Dan Caruso  (February 12, 2008)    |    Comments (0)

“Fathers of Invention: How Level 3 Worked its Way to the Main Floor” Part 2 of 5

As an epilogue to the “Birth of the Softswitch” series, I thought BearonBusiness.com readers would enjoy a reprint of the April 1st, 1998 USA Today written by Kevin Maney. The prior blog post contained the picture and caption that appeared on the cover of the USA.  Below is the first part of the article.  For me and I suspect many readers, it brings back fond memories. 

Just so I nip it in the bud, I’d appreciate it if our readers resisted the temptation to comment on the particular day of the year that the article was published.

 OMAHA — Walter Scott, CEO of Peter Kiewit Sons’, calls the group “Our Gang.” They are Warren Buffett’s billionaire and executive friends, including Scott, Microsoft CEO Bill Gates and former Coca-Cola President Don Keough.

Every two years, Buffett invites about 30 of them and their significant others to a multi-day retreat. In the summer of 1995, they gathered at a mansion outside Dublin, Ireland. The topic was the Internet. Gates and his wife, Melinda French, gave a presentation. It jarred Scott.

Over the decades, Scott had so successfully run publicity-shy Kiewit — a builder of roads, dams and other monster projects — that the company often had excess cash to invest. One investment was funding James Crowe in 1989 to build MFS Communications, a phone network that would compete against the big local and long-distance phone companies for mostly corporate business. By the time of the Dublin retreat, MFS was the biggest of the so-called alternate access carriers.

Gates told Our Gang that the Internet was going to be huge and that he was swinging Microsoft to meet it. He said the Net would threaten the traditional phone powers by sucking away data and voice traffic. Scott realized MFS, too, could be hurt by the Internet. “Afterwards, I sat down with Bill and talked with him about it,” Scott says. “My gut feeling was, if you weren’t part of it, you were going to be left behind.”

Scott flew back to Omaha with Buffett, whose office is on a floor of leased space in Kiewit’s headquarters here. Scott sat down with Crowe “and talked to him about where Bill’s head was.” Scott wanted Crowe to look into the Internet.

Crowe says, “He told me that anytime anyone’s told him there’s a risk, there’s always been an opportunity there.”

Crowe launched what MFS called Project Silver to study the the Net and what MFS should do in response. That was the genesis of Level 3 Communications. Today, Level 3 is listed for the first time as a public company on Nasdaq. It begins life with a market value of $10 billion and a loud buzz.


Posted by Dan Caruso  (February 11, 2008)    |    Comments (0)

Surveillance system helps coffee shop improve training, customer service” by Liz Parks

The article below was published last month in the online magazine Stores.org. For Liz Parks’ actual article, please click here. Liz, thank you for the time to capture a lot of specifics on how Envysion’s managed video surveillance service is helping entrepreneurs run their businesses better.

When Brandon Knudsen discovered that the food/beverage costs at his upscale coffee shop were running 25 percent above the industry average, he knew he had a problem. He just didn’t know what it was.

“I thought maybe our vendors were not delivering everything we had ordered and paid for,” says Knudsen, who with wife Camrin owns and operates Ziggi’s Coffee House in Longmont, Colo. “So I restructured how they delivered and I kept trying to figure out what was wrong. But I couldn’t identify the problem. All that time, I was going about it completely wrong.”

Ziggi’s had a closed-circuit video surveillance system, but it was cumbersome to use and therefore underutilized, he says.

“To view the store remotely, you had to have the software installed on your computer, which was a pain,” Knudsen says. “And although they gave you two cameras, when you watched you could only see part of the store from the main camera. Then you got a smaller image — like a television picture-within-a-picture — of another part of the store. But you couldn’t see everywhere.”

Another problem with that system, he says, was the review process. “You couldn’t go to the exact second that a behavior occurred,” Knudsen says. “You had to slowly watch every single thing.”

Last spring, Ziggi’s installed Envysion Video from Louisville, Colo.-based Envysion, a provider of web-based video surveillance solutions. With five cameras, Knudsen can now see what is happening anywhere in his shop. “I can read the letters on a $5 bill as clear as day,” he says, and the ability to “easily search the Envysion videos for specific incidents is awesome.”

Because all that is needed to remotely view the store is a web browser and a secure password, Knudsen can give friends and family — including his father, a silent partner in the business — the ability to see inside the coffeehouse whenever they like.

“With my other system, I had to put in a disc, download software, type in an IP address and all that other nonsense,” he says. “I had a hard enough time doing it, and I knew what I was doing.”

Beyond LP
Matt Steinfort, president and COO of Envysion, says the network-based surveillance solution has a number of applications that go beyond loss prevention.

“Historically, people would put cameras into a business like Ziggi’s … just to catch bad people doing bad things, or to prevent a criminal who spots a camera from doing something bad,” Steinfort says. “But being able to see inside your business gives you the ability to improve the way you are operating and to manage from a remote standpoint rather than being in the store all day. That means owners and managers can leverage their time more effectively and potentially manage more locations.”

Operators of chain or multi-unit stores (current Envysion customers include IHOP, McDonald’s, Shell, Chipotle Mexican Grill and Qdoba) are able to remotely look at live or recorded videos for all stores in their enterprise and, with the video system tied into POS, can get video verification of transactions occurring at the register, helping to identify incidents of employee theft.

Between them, the Knudsens used to spend 17 hours each day physically being in the coffeehouse. “One of us would leave [home] at 4 a.m. and one of us would close the shop at 9 p.m.,” Brandon Knudsen says. “Now we leave the computer on the kitchen counter and we watch it all the time. We’re usually at the coffee shop by 7 a.m. and out by 4 p.m.”

Knudsen rates customer service as a top priority. When he sees lines getting long and only one associate working the counter, he can call the store and redeploy workers. “The second girl is usually in the back, washing dishes or something, so we tell her to go right to the counter to help the customers,” he says.

The cameras are attractive but quite visible — a feature Knudsen particularly likes. “If someone walks in here thinking, ‘This is a coffee shop, I can easily rip off $500 bucks’ and then sees the cameras on him, he’s going to turn right around and walk out the door,” he says. “I love that.”

And if someone shady walks in on a lone employee at night, “the kids know that I’ll call the police and have someone down there in a second. It’s almost like having a second person there, and they feel so much better about that.”

A training issue
When Knudsen first began performing remote video surveillance, what he saw stunned him. “The kids were stealing,” he says. “I don’t think they knew they were stealing — they were just being kids — but they were taking free drinks for themselves, they were giving their friends free drinks, they were using 20-cent paper cups to drink water from three or four times a day. They didn’t comprehend; they didn’t have a clue as to how much that all added up to, and how their actions were impacting my business.”

Ziggi’s shrink problem became a training issue, and Knudsen didn’t fire any of his youthful employees. “They were full of energy; they were awesome with the customers,” he says. “They were just being very careless.”

Turnover rates are high among part-timers, so most of the associates who first worked for Knudsen have moved on, but the Envysion video system remains a key tool for preventing shrink.

“Because I can see clearly what is happening in the shop and because it’s so easy to review, I can clearly see all the areas of the store where shrink might happen,” he says. “And the kids all know that now. I’ve shown each one the system and how tight it is. I explain that having this system is for their safety, but at the same time, we can see what is going on.”

As a result, food and beverage costs are now in line with segment averages.

Envysion sells its solution to businesses, but Ziggi’s took advantage of the subscription option. “I really didn’t want to make another large capital investment,” Knudsen says. “This way I pay by the month, and just from peace of mind I feel I reached an ROI on Day 1.

“I’d estimate with all the money we’ve saved from reducing shrink, I probably made my money back in a few weeks,” he says.


Posted by Dan Caruso  (February 10, 2008)    |    Comments (1)

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